PQ/PMMA Temperature Dependence:

Objective:

• Characterize effects of temperature on gratings in PQ/PMMA.

• Evaluate possibility of a temperature tunable device.

Procedure: Testing Setups:

Reflection and Transmission hologram measurements vs. temperature.

Results:

Transmission Hologram Reconstruction Angle change vs. Temperature:

Reflection Hologram Transmission Spectrum vs. Temperature:

Reflection Hologram Reconstruction Wavelength vs. Temperature:

Conclusion:

• Linear behavior of both reconstruction angle (period) and reconstruction wavelength (period and refractive index)

• 0.03 nm/C tunability range.
• 15 C temperature cycling.

Publications:

• Temperature dependence and characterization of gratings in PQ/PMMA holographic materials, J. M. Russo, C. Chen, R. K. Kostuk, The Univ. of Arizona [6335-05]

References:

• A Sato, R K Kostuk, “Holographic Grating for Dense Wavelength Division Optical Filters at 1550 nm using Phenanthrenquinone Doped Poly(methyl methacrylate),” in Proc. Of SPIE Vol. 5216 Organic Holographic Materials and Applications (SPIE, Bellingham), pp44-52, SPIE, WA, 2003.

•  A Sato, M Scepanovic, R K Kostuk, “Holographic edge-illuminated polymer Bragg gratings for dense wavelength division optical filters at 1550nm,” Applied Optics, 42, 5, 778-784, 2003.

• R K Kostuk, W Maeda, C-H Chen, I Djordjevic, B Vasic, “Cascaded holographic polymer reflection grating filters for optical-code-division-multiple-access applications,” Applied Optics, 44, 35, 7581-7586, 2005.

• R. Ramaswami and K N Sivarajan, Optical Networks, A Practical Perspective, 2^nd Edition, Ch. 3 & 8, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, San Fransico, 2002.

• R. Kashyap, Fiber Bragg Gratings, Ch. 3, Academic press, San Diego, 1999.

• F P Incopera, D P DeWitt, Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer, 5^th Edition, p537-538.

• S H Goods, R M Watson, M Yi, “Thermal Expansion and Hydration Behavior of PMMA Molding Materials for LIGA Applications”, Sandia Report, SAND2003-8000, pp7-8, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque NM, 2003.

• J H Simmons, K S Potter, Optical Materials, 1^st Edition, pp107-108, Academic Press, San Diego CA, 2000.

• I Fanderlik, Optical Properties of Glass, Ch 3 & 4, Elsevier, Prague, Czechoslovakia, 1983.

PQ/PMMA Diffraction Efficiency:

Objective:

Find optimized values for concentration of components, exposure energy (exposure power and exposure time) in order to maximize the Diffraction Efficiency (DE)

Procedure:

• Test different PMMA, AIBN and PQ concentrations
• Test different exposure energies.
• Measure DE.

Results:

For different power levels:

E = 1000 mJ/cm2

Maximum DE values: